CGR11 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression by regulating autophagy through the PI3K/AKT pathway.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the predominant pathological subtype of primary liver cancer, remains a major global health burden with poorly defined molecular mechanisms. Cell growth regulator 11 (CGR11), a novel secreted protein characterized by EF-hand motifs, has recently emerged as a potential extracellular signaling modulator in tumor biology. Although implicated in cancer cell proliferation and metastasis, its precise role and regulatory mechanisms in HCC progression have not been elucidated.

Methods

We integrated bioinformatics analysis with single-cell transcriptomic profiling and CellChat-based intercellular communication mapping. CGR11 expression and localization were validated in tissue microarrays, HCC cell lines, and tumor specimens using immunohist

SUBMITTER: Zhou J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12819743 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature