Evolution of chromosomes and nuclear architectures of amniotes.

ABSTRACT: Chromosomes of mammals and reptiles have diverged extensively in sequence and three-dimensional (3D) nuclear organization since their last common amniote ancestor. The fine-scale evolutionary patterns and mechanisms underlying this divergence and the relationship between chromosome rearrangements and 3D genome architecture remain unclear. Here we reconstruct ancestral linkage groups (ALGs) of the amniote ancestor and its descendent nodes using chromosome-level assemblies from 36 species, including two newly generated genomes. We infer that most microchromosomes originated in the jawed vertebrate ancestor were retained as distinct ALGs across all ancestral amniote nodes. They were mainly involved in fusions with each other in reptiles, but underwent frequent translocations with the larger A

SUBMITTER: Liu J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12820338 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature