Full genome-based evolutionary analyses of FMD virus serotype A including field outbreak strains isolated from India during the period 2008-22.

ABSTRACT: Comparative complete genome analyses were conducted on 173 field outbreak strains of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) serotype A, collected from various regions worldwide, including strains that have circulated in India in recent years. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the majority of isolates included in this study belonged to the Asia (n = 108), followed by EURO-SA (n = 41) and Africa (n = 24) topotypes. The mean rate of evolutionary change in FMDV serotype A was estimated to be 2.369 × 10^-3 substitutions/site/year for the Open Reading Frame (ORF). Faster substitution rates in the Asia topotype suggests heightened selective pressures, likely driven by pre-existing host immune responses due to prior infections or vaccination. The periodic emergence an

SUBMITTER: Mohapatra JK 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12821355 | biostudies-literature | 2026

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature