Functional and Molecular Characterization of Extracellular Vesicles Enriched in Exosomes Released by Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Exposed to IFNγ in Combination with Autophagy Modulators Tamoxifen or Chloroquine.

ABSTRACT: Background/Objectives: Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are therapeutic cells that adopt an immunomodulatory phenotype when exposed to pro-inflammatory cytokines. Recent research efforts uncovered that many therapeutic benefits of MSCs can be attributed to the secretion of extracellular vesicles (EVs) such as exosomes, small membrane vesicles of endocytic origin present in the cellular secretome. EVs' formation and release are impacted by the autophagy pathway, which recycles proteins and organelles via lysosomal degradation. Methods: To evaluate how modulation of autophagy affects properties of MSC EVs enriched in exosomes under pro-inflammatory conditions, we treated the cells with either tamoxifen (TX) or chloroquine (CQ), two drugs known to stimulate or inhibi

SUBMITTER: Beljanski V 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12821535 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature