Multivitamin supplements are not superior to nutrition education in improving fat-soluble vitamin levels: A double-blind randomized controlled trial.

ABSTRACT:

Background and objectives

Vitamin deficiencies are closely associated with the development of chronic diseases. Therefore, effective and safe intervention strategies are critical to improving vitamin nutritional status. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness and differential impacts of nutrition education and multi-vitamin supplementation, providing a basis for selecting safer intervention strategies.

Methods and study design

A 4-week, double-blind, randomized controlled trial was conducted among 155 adults (aged 18-65 years) with confirmed deficiencies in fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, or E). Participants were randomly assigned to receive either nutrition education with a multivitamin supplement or nutrition education with placebo. The concentrations of fat-soluble vitam

SUBMITTER: Yusupu S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12823257 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature