A decreased proportion of naive MAIT cells is associated with the incomplete immune reconstitution in antiretroviral therapy-treated HIV-1 patients.

ABSTRACT: Incomplete immune reconstitution occurs in 10%-40% of antiretroviral therapy (ART)-treated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients. This subset of immunological non-responders (INRs) has yet to undergo a comprehensive analysis of immunological profiles, and no definitive cytological diagnosis has been established. In this study, we comparatively analyzed the immunological profiles of INRs, immunological responders (IRs), and healthy control individuals (HCs) via single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and single-cell T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire sequencing of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and identified a relatively small population of mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells in INRs. This finding was recapitulated in rhesus macaques infected with simian immunodefic

SUBMITTER: Jia J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12826970 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature