Ecofriendly synthesis of iron nanoparticles and their role in mitigation of multiple abiotic stresses in fish.

ABSTRACT: Aquatic animals are frequently exposed to environmental stressors such as elevated temperatures and various inorganic and organic contaminants. The present investigation examines the role of iron nanoparticles (Fe-NPs) in mitigating the combined effects of cadmium (Cd, 1/10th of LC₅₀ 0.69 mg L^-1) toxicity and high-temperature stress (34 °C) in Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (striped catfish). Four treatments were designed in triplicate: a control group, a group exposed to Cd and high temperature (Cd + T), and two groups exposed to Cd + T but fed with Fe-NPs at 10 and 15 mg kg^-1, respectively. Fe-NPs were biologically synthesized using fish waste (gill). Experimental diets were prepared by incorporating Fe-NPs at 0, 10, and 15 mg kg^-1. Dietary supple

SUBMITTER: Rajpurohit R 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12827944 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature