Retinal biomarkers for early Alzheimer's detection: a systematic review of optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

Retinal biomarkers accessible via non-invasive optical coherence tomography (OCT) could facilitate early detection of Alzheimer's disease (AD), complementing current invasive or costly diagnostic methods. This review evaluates the evidence for spectral-domain OCT (SD-OCT) and OCT angiography (OCT-A) in identifying retinal changes associated with preclinical and early AD.

Methods and analysis

We conducted a systematic review registered in PROSPERO and aligned with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 guidelines. PubMed/MEDLINE was searched up to April 2025, complemented by reference list screening and citation tracking. Eligible studies assessed SD-OCT and/or OCT-A in biomarker-defined preclinical or early AD, mild cognitive impair

SUBMITTER: Lepoittevin M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12829385 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature