Controlling Electron Flow in Carbofluorescein Voltage Indicators.

ABSTRACT: Interrogating biochemistry and biophysics with fluorescent reporters that respond to environmental cues is a powerful way to study dynamic processes in living systems in a noninvasive manner. Voltage-sensitive fluorophores (VF dyes) that utilize a photoinduced electron transfer-based mechanism to detect membrane potential (V_m) are a powerful method for noninvasive monitoring of bioelectrical signaling. We recently showed that VF dyes can "run in reverse" (ReverseVF) by introducing an electron withdrawing group to flip the direction of electron flow in the system. This first generation of ReverseVFs possessed both a low voltage sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), prompting further exploration of the system to develop a more sensitive V_m probe. In

SUBMITTER: McCann JT 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12829884 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature