Comparative risk of systemic autoimmune diseases in juvenile idiopathic arthritis treated with TNF-α or IL-6 inhibitors: a real-world cohort study.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

This study aimed to compare the risk of developing systemic autoimmune diseases (SADs) among pediatric patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) treated with tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) versus interleukin-6 inhibitors (IL-6i), based on real-world data.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective real-world cohort study using the TriNetX Research Network, which contains data from over 122 million patients. Individuals ≤18 years of age with a diagnosis of JIA who initiated TNFi or IL-6i therapy between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2024, were included. Propensity score matching (1:1) was performed to balance baseline characteristics. The primary outcome was the incidence of SADs. Hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated using Cox proportional hazards model

SUBMITTER: Tsai JJ 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12835221 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature