Chronic Resistance Exercise Combined with Nutrient Timing Enhances Skeletal Muscle Mass and Strength While Modulating Small Extracellular Vesicle miRNA Profiles.

ABSTRACT: Background: The anabolic window hypothesis suggests a limited post-exercise period for optimal nutrient uptake and utilization. Prior research indicates that miRNAs in extracellular vesicles (EVs) may regulate post-exercise adaptation by influencing protein synthesis. This study aimed to examine the effects of resistance exercise (RE) on physiological parameters and the expression and function of miRNAs transported in EVs. Methods: Twenty resistance-trained male participants (22 ± 2 years) completed a five-week RE program designed for hypertrophy. They consumed maltodextrin and whey protein based on assigned nutrient timing: immediately post-exercise (AE), three hours post-exercise (AE3), or no intake (CTRL). Body composition and knee extensor strength were assessed. Small EV

SUBMITTER: Csala D 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12839061 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature