Transcranial Color Doppler for Assessing Cerebral Venous Outflow in Critically Ill and Surgical Patients.

ABSTRACT: In recent years, Transcranial Color Doppler (TCCD) has gained increasing recognition as a non-invasive neuromonitoring tool. However, there remains a strong tendency to view arterial TCCD as the 'stethoscope for the brain,' while the assessment of cerebral venous flow is still underrepresented in clinical protocols. This review aims to explore the emerging role of venous TCCD, particularly when combined with Internal Jugular Vein (IJV) ultrasound, in evaluating cerebral venous outflow in both critically ill and surgical patients. We conducted a narrative review of e-Pub articles from PubMed, MEDLINE, and Scopus, on the pathophysiological factors that impair cerebral venous drainage and their clinical implications in surgical and critical care settings. Based on this evidence, we developed

SUBMITTER: Bianchini A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12840142 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature