Sequencing and Analysis of mtDNA Genomes from the Teeth of Early Medieval Horses in Poland.

ABSTRACT:

Background

This study presents the sequencing and analysis of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) genomes from nine early medieval horse remains excavated across archaeological sites in Silesia region in present day Poland.

Methods

Using aDNA extraction protocols optimized for short fragments, combined with target enrichment and high-throughput sequencing, we reconstructed partial mtDNA sequences for seven of the specimens.

Results

The authenticity of the aDNA was confirmed through damage pattern analysis. Phylogenetic reconstruction revealed that the specimens belonged to six distinct mtDNA lineages (B, D, E, G, L, and M), indicating a high level of mitochondrial diversity within medieval Silesian horse population.

Conclusions

These findings highlight the extensive mtDN

SUBMITTER: Pasicka E 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12841091 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature