Neurorehabilitation-Based Movement Representation Techniques in the Management of Craniocervical and Orofacial Pain: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Craniocervical pain and temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are prevalent, interconnected conditions. While Movement Representation Techniques (MRTs) are cognitive interventions targeting central pain mechanisms, their specific efficacy here lacks synthesis. This study systematically analyzes the effectiveness of MRTs, such as motor imagery (MI) and action observation (AO), on pain and function in individuals with craniocervical and orofacial pain.

Methods

A systematic review of RCTs (PROSPERO: CRD420251155428) was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Four databases were searched for studies applying MRTs (MI, AO, laterality discrimination) to adults with craniocervical or orofacial pain. Primary outcomes were pain and functionality. Methodological quality was as

SUBMITTER: Garcia-Alonso A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12842662 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature