Relationships Between Dry-Land Load-Velocity Parameters and In-Water Bioenergetic Performance in Competitive Swimmers.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Neuromuscular determinants such as maximal force, maximal velocity, and upper-body power are recognized as key contributors to competitive swimming performance. However, despite the relevance of these dry-land qualities, their relationships with the physiological mechanisms underpinning in-water performance, particularly aerobic and anaerobic capacities, remain insufficiently established.

Purpose

This study aimed to investigate the relationships between upper-body load-velocity profile parameters (theoretical maximal force: F₀; theoretical maximal velocity: V₀; and maximal power: P_max), aerobic capacity expressed through critical velocity, and anaerobic capacity in trained swimmers.

Methods

Thirty competitive male swimmers (

SUBMITTER: Amara S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12846203 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature