Strategies for Removal of Protein-Bound Uremic Toxins in Hemodialysis.

ABSTRACT: The removal of protein-bound uremic toxins (PBUTs) from the blood of kidney failure patients with conventional dialysis is limited. However, as their harmful effects and association with morbidity and mortality in dialysis patients are increasingly recognized, PBUTs have become important therapeutic targets. In this review, PBUT removal with current state-of-the-art dialysis technologies and future perspectives are discussed. Strategies to enhance PBUT clearance include methods that interfere with PBUT-albumin binding, such as chemical displacers, high ionic strength, pH changes, or electromagnetic fields, thereby increasing the free fraction available for dialysis. While these methods have shown promise in vitro, and some also in vivo, long-term safety data are lacking. PBUT removal can a

SUBMITTER: de Vries JC 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12846473 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature