Emergence and Phylodynamics of Influenza D Virus in Northeast China Reveal Sporadic Detection and Predominance of the D/Yamagata/2019 Lineage in Cattle.

ABSTRACT: Influenza D virus (IDV), an emerging orthomyxovirus with zoonotic potential, infects diverse hosts, causes respiratory disease, and remains poorly characterized in China despite its global expansion. From October 2023 to January 2025, we collected 563 nasal swabs from cattle across 28 farms in Jilin Province, Northeast China, and identified seven IDV-positive samples (1.2%), recovering two viable isolates (JL/YB2024 and JL/CC2024). Full-genome sequencing revealed complete, stable seven-segment genomes with high nucleotide identity (up to 99.9%) to contemporary Chinese D/Yamagata/2019 strains and no evidence of reassortment. Maximum-likelihood and time-resolved Bayesian phylogenies of 231 global hemagglutinin-esterase-fusion (HEF) sequences placed the Jilin isolates within the East Asian D/

SUBMITTER: Li H 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12846649 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature