Probiotic Supplementation in Chronic Kidney Disease: Outcomes on Uremic Toxins, Inflammation, and Vascular Calcification from Experimental and Clinical Models.

ABSTRACT: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with gut microbiota alterations that contribute to increased inflammation and the generation of uremic toxins and may worsen the disease progression. While probiotics may improve the pro-inflammatory cytokine profile, their effects on mineral metabolism, vascular calcification (VC), and CKD progression remain unclear. We aimed to evaluate the impact of a commercial probiotic (Probimel) supplementation on kidney function, mineral metabolism, inflammation and VC in both an experimental rat model and patients with advanced CKD and VC. The experimental model of VC was performed through 5/6 nephrectomy (Nx), a high-phosphate diet, and calcitriol. Animals were divided into three groups: Sham, Nephrectomy, and Nephrectomy + Probiotic. In the exploratory

SUBMITTER: Obrero T 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12846724 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature