Apolipoprotein E4 and its later-life health effects on the multiple sclerosis population.

ABSTRACT:

Background and objectives

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease causing neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. The apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) allele, a major genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's Disease, accelerates cognitive decline and neuroinflammatory processes, including blood-brain-barrier disruption. This study explores the impact of APOE4 on later-life health in MS patients using biomarkers from the UK Biobank.

Methods

MS patients were grouped by APOE4 carrier status: MS-E4 and MS-nonE4. Age- and sex-matched non-MS controls (control-E4, control-nonE4) were included for comparison. Analyses assessed retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFL) from optical coherence tomography (OCT), blood biomarkers, cognitive performance, and brain magneti

SUBMITTER: Zeldich D 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12847677 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Jan-Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature