Low-concentration cholesterol modification enhances Clematis filamentosa Dunn-derived extracellular vesicle-mediated macrophage polarization regulation for acute lung injury therapy.

ABSTRACT: Acute lung injury (ALI) and its severe form, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), are characterized by an imbalance in M1/M2 macrophage polarization and disruption of the alveolar-capillary barrier. Although plant-derived extracellular vesicles (PEVs) hold therapeutic potential for immunomodulation, their clinical application is limited by poor stability and inefficient delivery. Here, we developed cholesterol-modified nanovesicles (CHOL@CDNVs) from Clematis filamentosa Dunn (CDNVs), a medicinal plant with documented anti-inflammatory properties. Using a thin-film hydration-extrusion method, low-concentration cholesterol modification enhanced the colloidal stability of the vesicles and increased macrophage uptake by 1.6-fold while preserving their ROS scavenging capacity. CHO

SUBMITTER: Zhang G 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12848753 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature