Microbial extracellular vesicles from min pigs remodel macrophage polarization via STING to sustain intestinal immune homeostasis.

ABSTRACT: Intestinal immune homeostasis is crucial for intestinal function and health. Increasing evidence suggests that certain gut microbiota can enhance the host's intestinal immune regulatory capacity. However, the mechanisms by which the microbiota confers beneficial traits and robust immunity to the host, as well as the cross-species reproducibility of these effects, remain unclear. This study, through multi-omics integration comparison and functional validation, revealed that Streptococcus hyointestinalis from Min pigs regulates macrophage polarization homeostasis by targeting and inhibiting the excessive activation of the STING signaling pathway and its downstream pro-inflammatory cascade reactions through its extracellular vesicles (EVs), thereby shifting them toward the M2 phenotype

SUBMITTER: Sun Z 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12851393 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature