Elevated methylmalonic acid, but not vitamin B12, predicts all-cause mortality in hyperlipidemic adults: a prospective cohort study.

ABSTRACT:

Objectives

Despite lipid-lowering therapy, patients with hyperlipidemia retain significant residual risk. This study investigated the independent and combined associations of serum methylmalonic acid (MMA), vitamin B12, and functional vitamin B12 status with all-cause mortality in this population.

Methods

We analyzed data from hyperlipidemic participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2011 to 2014. Weighted Cox proportional hazards models were employed to evaluate the relationships between serum MMA, vitamin B12, functional vitamin B12 deficiency (defined as elevated MMA despite normal/high B12 levels), and all-cause mortality. Nonlinear associations were examined using restricted cubic splines.

Results

During a median follow-up

SUBMITTER: Gong Q 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12852000 | biostudies-literature | 2026

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature