Explainable machine learning predicts overall survival in female bladder cancer patients after radical cystectomy.

ABSTRACT:

Background and purpose

Despite the higher incidence of bladder cancer in males, females face a disproportionately worse prognosis with more advanced disease. Accordingly, accurate survival prediction is crucial. This study sought to develop multiple machine learning models for predicting postoperative overall survival (OS) in female bladder cancer patients who have undergone radical cystectomy (RC).

Patients and methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted on female patients who underwent RC with postoperative pathological confirmation of bladder cancer in the SEER database from 2004 to 2022. These patients were randomly divided into a training set and an internal validation set at a 7:3 ratio. Additionally, 67 female bladder cancer patients from the Second Affiliated Hosp

SUBMITTER: Zhong MY 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12852532 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature