De-coherent parallel laser processing of ultradense nanopores for high-density, large-area 3D optical phase encoding.

ABSTRACT: Single-beam femtosecond laser pulses can surpass the diffraction limit of conventional focusing systems, enabling deep sub-waveguide single-spot modifications via nonlinear absorption at the focus. However, extending this capability to multi-beam parallel processing has been fundamentally limited by the diffraction limit (~λ/2). Herein, we experimentally and theoretically clarify that this limitation stems from spatial coherence and temporal sequence interference, inducing laser-matter interaction crosstalk, non-uniform modifications, and sparse duty-cycle structures. To address this, we propose a de-coherent parallel direct laser writing (Dc-PDLW) strategy, utilizing a patterned single pulse together with a de-coherent holographic algorithm (SSP-BM) to ensure multi-foci polarization ortho

SUBMITTER: Jiang Z 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12852906 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature