Advances in occult cancer screening for patients with unprovoked venous thromboembolism: A narrative review of epidemiology, risk, and clinical strategies.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) and cancer exhibit a bidirectional correlation. The probability of detecting occult cancer in unprovoked VTE patients is significantly increased, and the cancer is often diagnosed at an advanced stage. Early screening is critical for improving prognosis; however, the effectiveness of current risk stratification and screening strategies remains controversial.

Methods

This review systematically integrated evidence on the epidemiology, risk stratification, and screening methods for occult malignancies in individuals with unprovoked VTE.

Results

Cancer-induced hypercoagulability and VTE-related inflammation interact bidirectionally, promoting thrombosis and cancer progression. In terms of risk stratification, elderly patients with V

SUBMITTER: Wen J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12854985 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature