Inflammatory cytokines mediate the common genetic and immunological background between rheumatoid arthritis and osteoporosis.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Evidence for the association between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoporosis (OP) remains inconsistent, and the role of inflammatory cytokines in mediating this association remains unclear.

Methods

This study used linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC), Mendelian randomization (MR), and colocalization analyses to assess the association between RA and OP. Mediation MR analysis was conducted to explore the mediating role of inflammatory cytokines. Multitrait analysis of GWAS enhanced statistical power and identified novel genetic associations. Independent risk loci were examined using GCTA-COJO, PLACO, and FUMA analyses. Risk-associated genes were identified by integrated MAGMA, SMR, and TWAS methods, while BLISS analysis revealed relevant proteins. The G

SUBMITTER: Zhou J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12855326 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature