An Integrative Analysis of Behavioral, Psychological, and Smartphone Use Factors Associated With Sleep Quality: A Cross-Sectional Study of Saudi Undergraduate Students.

ABSTRACT: Sleep quality is a critical component of student well-being and academic performance. This study aimed to examine the association between demographic characteristics, health and mental behaviors, smartphone usage, and sleep quality among undergraduate students at Jazan University in Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional web-based survey was conducted between April and June 2023. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The questionnaire included demographic data, health behaviors (exercise, diet, stimulant intake, smoking, qat use), anxiety levels, and smartphone usage patterns. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, and multivariable linear regression. A total of 1564 students participated. Demographic variables were not significantly

SUBMITTER: Almalki MA 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12855736 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Jan-Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature