Molecularly Engineered Amphiphilic Anions Enable Flame-Retarding Fluorous Electrolytes for Lithium Metal Batteries.

ABSTRACT: Developing high-energy-density lithium metal batteries (LMBs) is challenging due to critical safety concerns and cycling instability. A highly fluorinated diluent offers improved safety features but fails to form miscible electrolytes. Herein, we address these key issues through the design of miscible fluorous electrolytes enabled by molecular engineering of anions with fluoro-alkyl moieties, creating an effective molecular bridge between solvents and fluorous diluents. Detailed spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulations reveal the critical amphiphilic anion chemistry inward and outward of the Li⁺ solvation sheath: fluorophilic interactions (F···F) with the diluent and atypical hydrogen-bonding (F···H) with the solvent. The designed miscible fluorous electrolyte, featuring

SUBMITTER: Chen L 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12856666 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature