Clustering of cardiometabolic risk factors, physical activity, digital exclusion, and depressive symptoms trajectories in adults aged 50 years and older: findings from two prospective cohort studies.

ABSTRACT:

Background

To explore the associations between clustering of cardiometabolic risk factors, physical activity (PA), and digital exclusion with depressive symptoms trajectories, and to assess whether PA and digital exclusion mediate these associations.

Methods

This study included 8999 participants from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS, n = 4380) and the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA, n = 4519). Cardiometabolic risk factors included waist circumference, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, type 2 diabetes mellitus, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and C-reactive protein (CRP). Depressive symptoms, PA, and digital exclusion were assessed via self-report. Statistical analyses used multinomial logistic regression and the K

SUBMITTER: Dong X 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12857157 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature