Harnessing plant chloroplasts for oral delivery of a multi-epitope HPV vaccine: toward cost-effective systemic and mucosal immunization.

ABSTRACT: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a major causative agent of cervical and other mucosal cancers. However, the distribution and accessibility of current prophylactic vaccines remain limited, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), due to high production costs, cold-chain dependency, and limited induction of mucosal immune responses. To addressing these challenges, we designed a rationally constructed multi-epitope HPV vaccine (HPV_MEV) incorporating conserved cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL), helper T lymphocyte (HTL), and B-cell epitopes from diverse high- and low-risk HPV genotypes. The construct includes the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) agonist RS09 to enhance innate immune activation and cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) as a mucosal adjuvant to facilitate uptake and presentation at

SUBMITTER: Ehsasatvatan M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12860094 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature