Oral tolerogenic vaccine combined with gastrin restores immune tolerance and beta-cell function in NOD mice with Type 1 diabetes.

ABSTRACT:

Background and objective

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) results from autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells. Current therapies fail to address the multiple mechanisms driving disease progression. We developed an oral Salmonella-based vaccine that partially prevented and reversed autoimmune diabetes in mice. Gastrin, an intestinal hormone, has been reported to have anti-inflammatory and β-cell-protective effects. We hypothesized that combining the vaccine with a gastrin analogue (GAST-17) could enhance therapeutic efficacy.

Methods

Female non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice were treated with the oral vaccine, GAST-17, or their combination. Blood glucose levels, islet histology, immune cell infiltration, cytokine profiles, and regulatory T cell populations were assessed. Functio

SUBMITTER: Cobb J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12861915 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature