Genetic diversity, phylogeography, population structure, and demographic history of wild Catla catla at a transboundary scale across South Asia revealed by Mitochondrial COI sequences.

ABSTRACT: This study presents the first assessment of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) sequences from multiple countries to evaluate the genetic diversity, phylogeographic relationships, population structure, and demographic history of wild Catla catla in South Asia. A total of 18 haplotypes, with moderate haplotype diversity (Hd = 0.599), low nucleotide diversity (π = 0.017), and limited mutational steps among most haplotypes, were identified after analyzing 133 COI sequences collected from Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan. The results revealed low genetic differentiation among all wild Catla samples, influenced by introgression from hatchery-reared fry and population bottlenecks. Phylogenetic analyses identified two distinct haplogroups for Pakistani populations, supporting the existence

SUBMITTER: Owaresat JK 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12863562 | biostudies-literature | 2026

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature