Pre-Existing Th1 Immunity Outperforms Age in Predicting Antibody Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Inactivated Vaccines.

ABSTRACT: Understanding and enhancing vaccine-induced immune responses in the elderly population is critical, as they face elevated risks of severe COVID-19. This work systematically delineates age-associated alterations in innate and adaptive immunity and their impact on responses to SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccination. Compared to young mice, aged mice exhibited polarized bystander Th1 CD4⁺T cell populations (31.68 ± 5.62% versus 3.31 ± 0.48%) with distinct transcriptomic signatures, which augmented humoral immunity in aged mice. In human cohorts, post-vaccination antigen-specific antibody titers are comparable across different age groups. Stratified analysis based on antibody concentration reveals that high-responder individuals possess elevated pre-existing Th1 cells at baseline, which

SUBMITTER: Ye C 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12866872 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature