Differential downstream signaling in microglia lacking Alzheimer's-related TREM2 or its adaptor TYROBP/DAP12.

ABSTRACT: Microglia, the primary immune cell in the brain, have multiple activation phenotypes involved in broad functions within the brain, playing roles in neurotoxicity/neuroprotection, release of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, and in cell survival, proliferation, and phagocytosis. TREM2 and TYROBP form a transmembrane complex in microglia that modulates intracellular signaling networks, and these proteins are essential regulators of the transition from homeostatic to activated microglia. Recent findings support a TREM2-independent molecular signature that is involved in the early transition of homeostatic to disease-associated microglia (DAM), with the next sequential step of DAM activation from stage 1 to stage 2 being TREM2-dependent. However, the underlying mechanisms determini

SUBMITTER: Farias Quipildor GE 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12872638 | biostudies-literature | 2026

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature