Natural products modulate programmed cell death signaling mechanism for treating endometriosis: a review.

ABSTRACT: Endometriosis (EMs) is a gynecological inflammatory disease that depends on estrogen. Its chief symptoms include dysmenorrhea, chronic pelvic pain, reduced fertility, and pelvic masses. Although various hormonal therapies and surgical treatments are available, their long-term effectiveness is limited, recurrence rates are high, and side effects are significant. Programmed cell death (PCD) is a genetically regulated mechanism of cell clearance that includes apoptosis, autophagy, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis. Numerous studies showed that dysregulation of PCD is strongly associated with the development of EMs, suggesting that targeting key molecular mechanisms of PCD could be a promising therapeutic strategy. Natural products, known for their multitarget activity and low toxicity,

SUBMITTER: Zhao Z 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12894019 | biostudies-literature | 2026

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature