Molecular Regulators of In Vitro Regeneration in Wheat: Roles of Morphogenic Factors in Transformation, Genome Editing, and Breeding.

ABSTRACT: Efficient in vitro regeneration remains a major constraint in the genetic transformation, genome editing, and molecular breeding of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), largely due to strong genotype-dependent recalcitrance and limited activation of developmental programs required for somatic embryogenesis. Plant regeneration relies on extensive transcriptional reprogramming and epigenetic remodeling orchestrated by morphogenic regulators that modulate meristem identity, as well as cellular pluri- and totipotency. In this review, we synthesize current molecular knowledge on key transcription factors (BBM, WUS/WUS2, GRF-GIF, WOX, LAX1, SERK, WIND1/ERF115) and signaling peptides (CLE/CLV-WUS module, phytosulfokine/PSK) that regul

SUBMITTER: Kowalik S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12898219 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature