Extremely Low Frequency Radiation Enhances Soybean Chlorophyll Index and Nutrient Use Efficiency Under Suboptimal Conditions.

ABSTRACT: Management practices that optimize physiological responses of crops can be applied in agriculture to achieve higher productivity in challenging environments limited by nutrient availability. Extremely Low Frequency (ELF), a type of non-ionizing radiation in the range of 0.3 to 300 Hz, interacts with biological systems and has potential applications in sustainable agriculture. This study evaluates the effects of ELF on morphophysiological parameters of soybean plants during the vegetative stage. Plants grown under controlled conditions were subjected to ELF treatments-Control, TA (which increases interatomic spacing), and TB (which decreases interatomic spacing)-in combination with three nutrient solution strengths (50%, 75%, and 100% of the Hoagland solution). Chlorophyll index, root and s

SUBMITTER: Miotti F 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12899631 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature