A broad-spectrum SARS-CoV-2 RBD vaccine with selected high-impact mutations and novel adjuvant induces durable T cell response and broad protection in mice.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

The emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants with immune evasion capabilities underscores the importance of developing a broad-spectrum and effective vaccine. The receptor binding domain (RBD) of the Spike protein has been widely utilized in vaccine due to its high immunogenicity. However, the Spike protein, particularly the RBD region, exhibits significant variability in the evolution of SARS-CoV-2, leading to viral immune evasion and reduced vaccine effectiveness.

Methods

A broad-spectrum antigen (M5-RBD) was developed via mutation patching, incorporating key high-impact mutation sites (K417T, L452R, T478K, E484K, N501Y). Additionally, extra mutations (N440K or G446S) were introduced into M5-RBD to evaluate their impact on immune response. M5-RBD was further combi

SUBMITTER: Chen X 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12901505 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature