Synthesis, characterization, and <i>in silico</i> and <i>in vivo</i> profiling of selective cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors of indazole-indolinone derivatives with anti-inflammatory and analgesic potency.

ABSTRACT:

Background

The intensive use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs (NSAIDS) worldwide poses a challenge to scientists because of the adverse side effects. This article aims to synthesize a novel group of 1-aminoindazole-isatin Schiff base compounds considering their potency as analgesic and anti-inflammatory agents.

Methods

The synthesis of novel agents involved reflux condensation of isatin derivatives (5 mmol) and 1-aminoindazole (5 mmol) in ethanol for 2 h, which were then characterized for their structural integrity. In silico evaluation using PyRx, BIOVIA Discovery Studio, and GROMACS was performed to determine the affinity of the specific receptors and compare them with the results gained by use of standard diclofenac before preclinical evaluati

SUBMITTER: Alkubaysi SI 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12902688 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature