Is polycystic ovary syndrome associated with uterine malformations? A systematic review using Bradford Hill's causality framework.

ABSTRACT:

Study question

Is there a causal relationship between polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and the occurrence of congenital uterine anomalies (CUAs)?

Summary answer

Bradford Hill criteria did not support the causal relationship between PCOS and CUAs.

What is known already

PCOS and CUAs are both linked to infertility and complications during pregnancy, but it is unclear whether PCOS increases the risk of developing CUAs.

Study design size duration

A systematic review with qualitative analysis using Bradford Hill criteria was performed.

Participants/materials setting methods

Studies evaluating CUAs in women with PCOS or mechanisms linking PCOS-related factors to Müllerian development were selected. Comprehensive searches were conducted in MEDLINE, Web of Scien

SUBMITTER: Palomba S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12902784 | biostudies-literature | 2026

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature