Coptis chinensis extracellular vesicles loaded with CA1-siRNA promote endothelial repair and stent restenosis therapy by regulating the PADI2 and NF-κB pathway.

ABSTRACT: In-stent restenosis (ISR), a chronic vascular proliferative disorder, poses significant clinical challenges due to impaired endothelial repair, suboptimal long-term outcomes of interventional therapies, and complications associated with current preventive strategies. Although gene therapy offers a promising approach for ISR management, its clinical translation is hindered by the scarcity of innovative gene-based drugs and the lack of efficient delivery systems. Here, we identify carbonic anhydrase 1 (CA1) as a potential target in regulating endothelial cell survival, regeneration, and inflammatory responses. We then engineered plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles (CLENs) to encapsulate CA1-siRNA, enabling targeted delivery and enhanced stability. CLENs (siRNA) exhibit prolonged circula

SUBMITTER: Wang X 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12903658 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature