Transboundary Animal Diseases and Human Migration: A One Health Perspective on the Balkan Route.

ABSTRACT: Transboundary animal diseases (TADs), including zoonoses, can be introduced in non-endemic areas through animal trade and uncontrolled movements during times of conflict and migration. Sheep and goat pox (SGPX) and peste des petits ruminants (PPRs) were, respectively, reported in Europe in 2018 and 2010. EFSA emphasised the risk of spread into Europe through informal trade and unmonitored migration routes that may involve the informal transport of small ruminants. Using a One Health conceptual framework, which considers the interconnectedness of human, animal, and environmental health, this study analysed the epidemic trends of the two selected diseases during 2014-2025, with particular focus on the role of human migrations in influencing their spread along major migratory routes in the Ba

SUBMITTER: Uber E 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12904845 | biostudies-literature | 2026

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature