PD-1 inhibitor improves radiosensitivity by tumor vessel normalization.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Host immunity status and hypoxia are the hallmarks of radiosensitivity. Induction of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy demonstrates promise in locally advanced tumor radiotherapy, but whether anti-PD-1 immunotherapy improves radiosensitivity is unclear.

Methods

In vivo experiments were performed in mouse models (4T1 and LLC) treated with anti-PD-1 antibodies or X-ray irradiation. Tumor tissues were subjected to bulk-RNA sequencing. The immune cell profile was characterised by flow cytometry. The hypoxia level was detected by immunofluorescence and Hypoxyprobe and measured using the hypoxia gene score. Vessel normalization was determined by the pericyte-endothelial cell ratio. Anti-CD4 and anti-CD8 monoclonal antibodies were used to deplete CD4⁺ and CD8⁺

SUBMITTER: Hao S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12905340 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature