Modeling immunotherapies in live 3D human cancer tissue bioreactors.

ABSTRACT: Background: Cancer immunotherapies have shown remarkable efficacy in advanced malignancies, yet many patients remain unresponsive. This variability, along with concerns about adverse effects and healthcare costs, highlights the need for predictive biomarkers and physiologically relevant cancer models to forecast individual treatment responses. Existing systems inadequately recapitulate the human tumor microenvironment (TME), which is essential for understanding immune-tumor interactions and treatment efficacy. Here, we developed an ex vivo 3D human tissue culture model that preserves the native TME for functional immunotherapy testing. Such a short-term culture platform also supports functional precision medicine by enabling rapid ex vivo assessment of therapeutic resp

SUBMITTER: Zhang Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12905668 | biostudies-literature | 2026

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature