A Multimodal Model for Caries Screening Using Intraoral Images and Questionnaires.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction and aims

To develop a multimodal deep learning model for dental caries screening in children by integrating intraoral photographs and questionnaire-based data, and to compare its performance against that of a unimodal model utilising images alone.

Methods

In total, 7671 images (3913 occlusal and 3758 smooth surfaces) were collected from children across different dentition stages. Oral health questionnaires were also conducted. The images were clinically labelled into three categories: caries-free, early caries, and moderate-to-severe caries. A multimodal model integrating intraoral images and questionnaire data was trained and evaluated against an image-only unimodal model. The performance metrics included accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, and the area unde

SUBMITTER: Liu Z 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12905764 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature