Mechanism-Based Predictions of Local Tissue and Systemic Exposure for Drug Products Delivered Through the Female Reproductive Tract.

ABSTRACT: Effective drug delivery through the female reproductive tract (FRT) presents unique challenges due to the lack of robust predictive models for drug exposure via this route. Addressing this gap, we developed and evaluated a comprehensive whole-body physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model that incorporates anatomical and physiological information of the FRT. This model was calibrated using both published and experimental data for the drug levonorgestrel (LNG), administered via oral, vaginal, and intrauterine routes. The PBPK model simulates drug absorption, distribution, and elimination, providing predictions of local tissue concentrations and systemic exposure. The majority of observations can be contained within or overlaid with the simulated profiles. Noteworthy is the model's

SUBMITTER: Li X 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12910638 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature