Public procurement of cardiac implantable electronic devices across Europe: are we purchasing value or cost-effectiveness?

ABSTRACT:

Aims

Procurement of cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) across the European Union is shaped by diverse healthcare systems, reimbursement mechanisms and levels of clinician involvement. Despite a shared legal framework, limited comparative data are available on how procurement is implemented across countries.

Objective

The objectives of this study are to examine CIED procurement strategies in 22 European countries where public tendering is mandatory and to explore how clinical, economic and structural factors influence procurement processes.

Methods and results

We conducted 23 structured interviews with cardiologists and one industry expert across 22 European countries. A thematic analysis was used to synthesize procurement models, clinical involvement and r

SUBMITTER: Osoro L 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12916237 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature