Comparison of e-Cigarette and Cigarette Use and Dual Use Associations With Disease: Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are often presented as a less harmful alternative to combustible cigarettes (hereinafter, cigarettes). This study updates an earlier meta-analysis of 107 population studies of e-cigarette disease risks.

Methods

We pooled data from studies in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and PsychINFO from January 1, 2005, through January 1, 2025, in a random-effects meta-analysis if we identified ≥5 studies for a disease outcome.

Results

We identified 142 odds ratios (ORs) (107 [75%] from cross-sectional studies and 35 [25%] from longitudinal studies) from 124 articles, including 18 new articles. Comparing e-cigarette use with cigarette use, the ORs (95% CIs) for metabolic dysfunction (1.00 [0.91-1.09]) and oral disease (0.89 [0.78-1.0

SUBMITTER: Glantz SA 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12916339 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature