Comparing measured and reported change in gastrointestinal symptoms after initiation of metformin treatment: a questionnaire validation study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

The majority of individuals in Sweden with type 2 diabetes have their sole health care provider in primary health care. Metformin treatment often causes gastrointestinal side-effects. Our aim was to construct and validate a questionnaire assessing gastrointestinal symptoms before and after starting metformin treatment for type 2 diabetes.

Methods

In the Interaction Between Metformin and Microbiota (MEMO) study, 54 participants rated six gastrointestinal symptoms at baseline and after 2 months of metformin treatment in a questionnaire (measured change, i.e. the difference between assessments at these two time points), as well as direct assessment of perceived change in symptoms after 2 months in a separate validation questionnaire (reported change, i.e. how partici

SUBMITTER: Af Geijerstam P 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12918315 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature