Myeloid-derived PD-L1 characterizes spatially organized immune architecture in colorectal cancer.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

The tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) is highly heterogeneous and strongly influences immunotherapy outcomes and patient prognosis in colorectal cancer (CRC). In this exploratory study, we used three multiplex immunofluorescence (mIF) assays to characterize the spatial immune microenvironment associated with high CD8/PD-L1 infiltration.

Methods

Three mIF assays quantified the cell densities (cells/mm²) of CD3, CD8, PD-L1, PD-1, CD163, CD56, CD4, Foxp3, Granzyme B (GrzB), CD20, CD11c, CD15, Ki67, and cytokeratin (CK) in the invasive margin (IM) and tumor center (TC) using digital image analysis. Patients were stratified based on CD8/PD-L1 densities and their proximity (cut-off: 20μm) in IM and TC. Immune microenvironment composition was compared bet

SUBMITTER: Wu Q 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12920468 | biostudies-literature | 2026

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature